Look at the labelled diagram of a plant below. Which part of the plant absorbs water and minerals from the soil?
Explanation: The roots grow underground and absorb water and minerals from the soil, which are then carried up to the rest of the plant.
Which part of the plant makes food for the plant using sunlight?
Explanation: Leaves contain a green substance called chlorophyll that helps them make food from sunlight, water, and air, through a process called photosynthesis.
What is the main job of a flower in a plant's life?
Explanation: Flowers help the plant to reproduce — they contain the parts needed to form seeds, which grow into new plants.
What do seeds need to germinate (start growing into a new plant)?
Explanation: For a seed to germinate, it needs water, air, and warmth. These conditions help the tiny plant inside the seed to wake up and start growing.
Carrots and radishes have one large, thick root that grows straight down. What is this type of root called?
Explanation: A single, thick main root that grows deep into the soil is called a taproot. Carrots and radishes are common examples of plants with taproots.
Where would you most likely find a camel living?
Explanation: Camels are well adapted to hot, dry conditions with very little water, so they are commonly found living in the desert.
Which of these animals breathes using gills and lives its whole life in water?
Explanation: Fish have gills that let them take in oxygen from water, and they live in water their whole lives. (Whales are mammals that breathe air, and frogs live both on land and in water.)
An animal that eats both plants and meat is called a:
Explanation: An animal that eats both plants and other animals is called an omnivore. Humans and bears are examples of omnivores.
A stick insect looks just like a twig on a tree. This helps it to:
Explanation: When an animal's colour or shape helps it blend into its surroundings, it is called camouflage. This helps the stick insect hide from predators that might eat it.
Which of these correctly shows the life cycle stages of a frog, in order?
Explanation: A frog's life cycle follows this order: Egg → Tadpole → Froglet → Adult frog. The tadpole slowly grows legs and loses its tail as it changes into a froglet.
Which organ pumps blood to all parts of the body?
Explanation: The heart is a muscular organ that continuously pumps blood through blood vessels to every part of the body.
Which organ helps us to see the world around us, as shown in the picture below?
Explanation: The eyes are the sense organs that allow us to see light, colours, and shapes around us.
Which organs help us breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide?
Explanation: The lungs take in oxygen from the air we breathe and remove carbon dioxide, a waste gas, from our body.
What is the main job of the skeleton (all the bones together) in our body?
Explanation: The skeleton gives our body its shape, supports it so we can stand and move, and protects important organs like the brain and heart.
After we chew and swallow food, which organ does it go to first to begin being digested?
Explanation: After swallowing, food travels down a tube called the food pipe (oesophagus) and reaches the stomach, where digestion continues with the help of digestive juices.
A balanced diet should contain a good mix of which of these?
Explanation: A healthy, balanced diet includes a variety of nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, each of which plays an important role in keeping our body healthy.
Which of these foods is the BEST source of protein?
Explanation: Lentils (dal) are rich in protein, which helps our body grow and repair itself. Rice is mainly a source of carbohydrates.
Eating oranges and lemons gives us Vitamin C, which mainly helps our body to:
Explanation: Vitamin C, found in citrus fruits like oranges and lemons, helps the body fight infections and heal wounds more quickly.
Why should we eat junk food like chips and sugary drinks only occasionally?
Explanation: Junk food is often high in unhealthy fat, sugar, and salt, and low in the nutrients our body needs, so eating too much of it can harm our health.
Which of these foods comes from an ANIMAL source?
Explanation: Milk comes from animals such as cows and buffaloes. Wheat, spinach, and apples all come from plants.
Look at the diagram of the water cycle below. What is the process called when the sun heats water and turns it into water vapour that rises into the sky?
Explanation: When the sun's heat turns liquid water into water vapour (a gas) that rises into the air, this process is called evaporation.
When water vapour in the sky cools down and turns back into tiny water droplets, forming clouds, this process is called:
Explanation: When water vapour cools and changes back into tiny liquid water droplets that form clouds, this process is called condensation.
What is it called when water falls from the clouds back to the Earth as rain, snow, or hail?
Explanation: When water falls from the clouds back down to Earth as rain, snow, or hail, this is called precipitation.
After it rains, where does most of the water eventually collect and flow towards?
Explanation: After it rains, water flows over land and collects in rivers, lakes, and seas, continuing the water cycle as it evaporates again.
Why is the water cycle important for life on Earth?
Explanation: The water cycle keeps fresh water moving and recycling around the Earth, providing the water that plants, animals, and people need to survive.
Look at the diagram showing particles in a solid, a liquid, and a gas. In which state are the particles packed most tightly together, hardly moving?
Explanation: In a solid, the particles are packed very closely together in a fixed arrangement and can only vibrate slightly — they do not move around freely.
What is it called when a solid, like ice, changes into a liquid when heated?
Explanation: When a solid absorbs heat and turns into a liquid, this change is called melting. For example, ice melts into water.
What is it called when a liquid, like water, changes into a solid when cooled?
Explanation: When a liquid loses heat and turns into a solid, this change is called freezing. For example, water freezes into ice.
Which of these is an example of a gas?
Explanation: Oxygen is a gas that we breathe in from the air. Ice is a solid, and milk is a liquid.
Which of these best describes a liquid?
Explanation: A liquid does not have a fixed shape — it takes the shape of whatever container it is poured into, but the amount (volume) of liquid stays the same.
A force is best described as a push or a pull that can make an object:
Explanation: A force is a push or pull that can make an object start moving, stop, speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Look at the see-saw (lever) shown below. A lever makes work easier mainly by:
Explanation: A lever is a simple machine that helps us lift a heavy load using less effort, by pushing down on one end to lift the load on the other end.
Why is it harder to slide a book across a rough carpet than across a smooth wooden floor?
Explanation: Friction is a force that resists movement between two surfaces. A rough carpet creates more friction than a smooth floor, making it harder to slide the book.
When you drop a ball, which force pulls it down towards the ground?
Explanation: Gravity is the force that pulls objects down towards the centre of the Earth.
Which of these objects would a magnet be able to attract (pull towards itself)?
Explanation: Magnets attract objects made of certain metals, like iron and steel. An iron nail would be attracted to a magnet, but plastic, wood, and rubber would not.
Look at the diagram below. A shadow forms when an object blocks the path of:
Explanation: A shadow is formed when a solid object blocks the path of light, creating a dark area behind the object where light cannot reach.
Which of these materials would let light pass through it easily so you can see clearly through it?
Explanation: A transparent material, like clear glass, allows light to pass through it easily, so we can see clearly through it.
Which of these is a natural source of light?
Explanation: The Sun is a natural source of light, meaning it produces light on its own without being made by people. Torches, light bulbs, and candles are all man-made (artificial) sources.
At midday, when the sun is directly overhead, how do shadows usually appear?
Explanation: When the sun is high overhead at midday, shadows appear very short, because light is shining almost straight down onto objects.
Which of these objects would reflect light the BEST, letting you see a clear image of yourself?
Explanation: A mirror has a very smooth, shiny surface that reflects light well, allowing us to see a clear image of ourselves.
Sound is produced when an object:
Explanation: Sound is created when an object vibrates, or moves back and forth very quickly, causing the air around it to vibrate too, which we hear as sound.
What do we call the loudness of a sound?
Explanation: The loudness or softness of a sound is called its volume.
A tiny bird's chirp is a high sound, while a lion's roar is a low sound. What word describes how high or low a sound is?
Explanation: The word used to describe how high or low a sound is, is called pitch.
Sound needs a medium (like air, water, or a solid) to travel through. What happens to sound in outer space, where there is no air?
Explanation: Since sound needs a medium (such as air) to travel through, and outer space is a vacuum (empty of air), sound cannot travel through space.
When you pluck the string of a guitar, what makes the sound?
Explanation: When a guitar string is plucked, it vibrates quickly back and forth, and this vibration produces the sound we hear.
Which gas found in air is most needed by living things to breathe?
Explanation: Living things need oxygen from the air to breathe and release energy from their food.
If you push an empty plastic bottle underwater with its cap tightly closed, why do bubbles NOT come out, and why does it feel hard to push down?
Explanation: Even though we cannot see it, air fills the bottle and takes up space, which is why the sealed bottle resists being pushed underwater.
Which instrument is used to measure the temperature of the air?
Explanation: A thermometer is the instrument used to measure how hot or cold the air (or any object) is.
Which season is usually the hottest, with the least rainfall, in most parts of India?
Explanation: Summer is usually the hottest season in most parts of India, with high temperatures and little rainfall before the monsoon arrives.
What causes wind?
Explanation: Wind is simply air that is moving from one place to another, often caused by differences in temperature and air pressure.
Why should we wash our hands with soap before eating food?
Explanation: Washing hands with soap helps to remove germs that could otherwise enter our body through food and make us sick.
Which of these is a healthy daily habit?
Explanation: Brushing teeth twice a day helps prevent tooth decay and keeps our teeth and gums healthy.
Before crossing a road, what should you always do first?
Explanation: Before crossing a road, it is important to look both ways for traffic and cross carefully, ideally at a marked crossing.
What is the best way to avoid spreading germs when you sneeze or cough?
Explanation: Covering your mouth and nose with a tissue or your elbow when you sneeze or cough helps to stop germs from spreading to other people and surfaces.
Which of these is a good way to protect yourself from too much sun?
Explanation: Wearing a hat and using sunscreen helps protect our skin and body from the harmful effects of too much direct sunlight.
Look at the diagram below. Which of these three objects gives out its own light?
Explanation: The Sun is a star that produces its own light and heat. The Earth and Moon do not produce their own light — the Moon simply reflects the Sun's light.
What causes day and night on Earth?
Explanation: Day and night happen because the Earth rotates (spins) on its axis once approximately every 24 hours, so different parts face towards or away from the Sun.
Which planet in our solar system is known as the "Red Planet"?
Explanation: Mars is called the "Red Planet" because of the reddish, iron-rich dust that covers its surface.
Why does the Moon appear to change shape throughout the month (new moon, half moon, full moon)?
Explanation: The Moon does not change shape or size — we simply see different amounts of its sunlit half as it moves (orbits) around the Earth, which causes the different phases we observe.
What is the name of the natural satellite that orbits (moves around) the Earth?
Explanation: The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite, meaning it is a natural object that orbits our planet.